Wind-motor.



No. 705,195. Patented July 22, |9021. C. F. BAIVIFDRD.`

wlNn MOTOR.

(Application filed Sept. 16, 1901.)

(Nol Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT vSEEICE.

CHARLES FREDERICK BAMFORD, OF BEDFORD, ENGLAND.

WIND-Morea SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 705,195,dated July 22, 1902.. Application led September 16, 1901. Serial No.75,591. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom z'fb may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES FREDERICK BAMFORD,civil engineer,a subjectof the King of England, and a resident of 6 Goldington avenue, Bedford,in the county` of Bedford, England, have invented'a certain new anduseful Improvement in Wind-Motors, (for which invention I have appliedfor Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 15,841, dated August 6, 1901,)of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in wind-motors, 4and inparticular to new orimproved means for automatically controlling thesame in working.

The object of the invention is to enable the motor to turn automaticallyfrom its self-ad` justedposition when the wind exceeds a predeterminedstrength, returning to face the wind once more when the latter againlessens. The motor can also be stopped by hand when desired.

My invention consists,essentially, in the application to thehorizontally-rotatable bracket of the main spindle to which thewind-wheel is secured of a weighted device pivoted upon the vane-spindleand capable of being controlled by hand, ifdesired, which device acts,by means of gear-wheelsor the like, upon the said bracket.

The invention is illustrated upon the anneXed drawings as applied toordinary windmotors for obtaining and furnishing rotary motion.

In the drawings,Figure1 is asectional elevation of the upper portion ofa wind-motor, showing the ordinary wind-wheel, vane, and bevel-gearing.Fig. 2 isa View in elevation ot' the weighted device seen at rightangles to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a sectionalelevation of a modified form of the bracket shown in Fig. 1.

As will be seen from the drawings, the windwheel a may be of any desiredpattern and is secured to a main spindle b', tted with a bevel-pinion b,gearing with a bevel-wheel c, and thereby rotating the vertical shaftdin the usual manner. The main spindle is journaled with plain, ball, orroller bearings in a bracket or head e, having a dependent neck andcapable of revolving upon a collar f, secured to the standard or post ofthe machine. The upper portion of the bracket eis covered by a casing ofor the exclusion of rain, dust,&c. Upon the side of the head e, remotefrom the wind-wheel a, is secured a vertical pin acting as a pivotfor-the horizontally-movable `spindle g, upon which is secured theordinary vane or rudder, (partly illustrated). The further constructionof the vane itself being well known need not be described.

From the head or bracket e there projects an extension h in the form ofa toothed quadrant or segment curved to an arc struck from the center ofthe vertical pin ai. (See Fig. 3.)

Pivoted upon the vane-spindle gis a pinion 7e', gearing with quadrant hand provided with a long arm l and short arm m, as clearly and fullyshown in Fig. 2. Upon the longer arm l is a slidable weight n, capableof being adliusted to and secured in any desired position.

This Varm Z may be graduated or scaled to leverage distancescorresponding with various Wind-pressures. To the short arm m is secureda cord or chain o, passing over suitable guide-pulleys and led downtoward the base of the standard.

The working of the device is as follows: The vane, as usual, remainsparallel with the direction of the wind, normally keepingup to its workthe wheel o, of which the plane is at right angles to the vane. (SeeFig. 1.) Should the wind become too strong, the wind-wheel a tends toswing around horizontally, the neck and head revolving in the collar f,as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3. This horizontal swing of thespindle of' wind-wheel d is caused by the pinion b traveling around onpinion c, because the increased pressure of wind on wheel a acceleratesits peripheral velocity. This increased speed of pinion b instead ofdriving pinion c at a higher speed results in pinion b traveling to asmall eX- tent (up to a right angle) around pinion c, thus causing wheelct to assume a position other than one in which its plane is at rightangles to the wind. Continuing this swing the surface of the floatsexposed to the wind would be further decreased until when the wheel isin line with the wind and parallel to the vane (the horizontal spindlehaving moved in plane through ninety degrees) its revolution wouldcease, the iioats offering no sur- IOO face to the wind. The horizontalswing of wheel a also causes the segment 7i to rotate, thereby raisingweight n by means of pinion lo, and the wheel d will remain in thisposition so long as the wind continues at this pressure. It is to benoted that the vane g remains in its position always parallel to thedirection of the wind and is not affected by this movement of the wheela and pinion 7c. As soon as the wind decreases in force the wheel a isreturned to or toward its former position by means of the weight nautomatically falling. upon the lever-arm according to the maximum poweror pressure of wind required to drive the wind-wheel.

In order to stop the motor by hand, the cord o is pulled, therebyrotating the pinion 7a by meansof its short arm m, and consequentlyraising the weighted arm Z. The pinion 7c then travels around thetoothed extension from the bracket, the vane being thus drawn aroundparallel to the wind-wheel. In this position the vane has been broughtto a position in which it is at right angles to the wind and fullyexposed thereto. The force of the vwind acting on the vane in the usualmanner causes this to return to the position from which it was movedwhen the cord o was pulled, and the wind-wheel is thus brought around toits sheltered or stopping positionz'. e., the position in which theplane of the wind-wheel is parallel with the wind. This cord o can, ifso desired, be attached toa bell-cranklever, throwing into gear africtionclutch p on the main spindle, which may serve merely to brake orretard the speed of the same.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4, which is more particularly adaptedfor small-diameter wind-wheels, the bracket e revolves upon a bearingfitted with an inner guide-tube r for the vertical rod. The collarf isshown in two parts, in which this guide-tube revolves. This form ofcollar is clamped to the framework in any suitable manner. Upon pullingthe cord e the intermediate lever draws down a rod s and brings theparts of the frictionclutch together by means of the ordinarystriking-fork shown. When cordzis released, a weight upon theintermediate lever frees the rod s. y

If the cord 0 from arm m be attached to the outside half or shell of afriction-clutch p and it is desired to stop the wind-wheel, thestriking-fork is operated and the outer shell p thrown upon the innercone, the inner one The weight must be adjusted is revolving with themain spindle, so that by friction the outer cone revolves also, and thecord is wound up, thus drawing over the vane until the wind-wheel stops.

The intermediate lever 2 is pivoted at 3 to the framework and is Vlittedwith a collar 4t. When the rod Z is released, the weight 5 falls, raisesthe rod s, and releases the frictionclutch.

I-Iaving thus described my invention, what I claim as such, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In means for controlling wind-motors, the combination of abevel-pinion fast to the wind-wheel spindle, of a bevel-wheel secured tothe vertical driving-shaft and engaged by said wind -wheel pinion, sothat the latter drives or can travel around said bevel-wheel, of atoothed extension from a rotatable bracket supporting said wind-wheelspindle, of a pinion mounted upon the vane-spindle so as to be revolublearound said vane-spindle and said pinion having a weighted leverarmrising and falling at all times perpendicularly to the vane-spindle,substantially as described.

2. In means for controlling wind-motors, lthe combination with thevane-spindle and with a toothed extension from the rotatable bracket towhich the vane-spindle is movably pivoted of a pinion mounted revolublyupon said vane-spindle and havinga weightedleverarm, and of a second armprojected from the pivot of said pinion and controlled by a cord,whereby the Vane can be drawn around to a position at right angles tothe plane of the wheel, substantially as described.

3. In wind-motors, a horizontally-rotatable bracket carrying the mainspindle and provided with atoothed segment, avane-spindle hinged to avertical pivot on said bracket and capable of being swung horizontally,a pinion pivoted on said vane-spindle and traveling on said toothedsegment, an arm Iitted with a Weight projecting from saidpinion,ashorter arm connected by a cord with a friction-cone,

and said cone being capable of being rotated CHARLES FREDERICK BAMFORD.

Witnesses:

VICTOR F. FEENY, FRED C. HARRIS.

